Peer-reviewed research article on PGPR as viable alternatives to chemical fertilizers/pesticides. Covers PGPR mechanisms (phytohormone production: IAA, gibberellins, ethylene; phosphate solubilization; nitrogen fixation; siderophore production), biocontrol agents against phytopathogens, applications in various crop systems (maize, wheat, rice, legumes, banana), and evidence of yield improvement compared to uninoculated soils using sustainable agriculture approaches.
Complete methodology for isolating free-living nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter (oval/spherical, motile, gram-negative) and phosphate-solubilizing Phosphobacteria (Bacillus megaterium) from soil samples via serial dilution. Includes biochemical tests (citrate, catalase, urease), growth on selective media (Ashby’s agar, Pikovskaya’s medium), mass production using bioreactors (fermentation 4-9 days, 10⁸-10⁹ cells/mL), carrier formulation, and biofertilizer preparation.
Comprehensive project report on Azolla (aquatic fern) cultivation as sustainable green manure and animal fodder. Covers Anabaena azollae symbiosis (25 kg N/ha fixation), cultivation techniques (pit/field/nursery methods), production efficiency optimization (50-400 g/m²/day), nutritional value (25-35% protein), cost-benefit analysis (₹1,800 setup), practical implementation in paddy fields, and multiple uses as biofertilizer, livestock feed, and bio-scavenger.
