Comprehensive exploration of organic farming as sustainable alternative to conventional agriculture. Covers principles of organic farming (no synthetic chemicals, sustainable soil management, biodiversity), benefits including environmental conservation and nutritional quality, challenges (lower yields, certification compliance), comparative analysis with conventional farming, and global adoption trends supporting UN Sustainable Development Goals.
What Is Organic Farming?
Organic farming is a sustainable agricultural system that avoids synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, focusing on natural processes like crop rotation, composting, and biological pest control to maintain soil health and biodiversity. It is guided by the principles of health, ecology, fairness, and care, aiming to produce healthy food while protecting the environment and animal welfare. Organic farming excludes genetically modified organisms and emphasizes environmentally friendly, ethical practices throughout the food chain.
History Of Organic Farming
The history of organic farming spans from ancient times, when traditional practices like crop rotation, composting, and livestock integration sustained soil health, to a modern global movement responding to the negative impacts of chemicals and industrialization. Pioneers like Sir Albert Howard and Rudolf Steiner championed an ecologically balanced, chemical-free approach in the 20th century, leading to formal standards and widespread adoption. Organic farming emphasizes soil fertility, biodiversity, and reduced environmental harm, now aided by technology and global certification.