Assessment of VAM Root Colonization and Soil Spore Count Estimation Methods
Research methodology for VAM characterization including soil sampling protocols, physical/chemical analysis (pH, EC, nutrients), spore extraction via wet-sieving and sucrose density gradient centrifugation, microscopic spore counting, root infection assessment using KOH treatment and lacto-phenol staining, grid-line colonization percentage calculation, and spore size classification (30-400 μm).