Bacterial Conjugation - Direct DNA Transfer via Pili and F Plasmids

Comprehensive coverage of conjugation as direct bacterial genetic transfer via pilus (sex pilus). Details F plasmid (fertility plasmid) structure and function, formation of mating bridge between F+ (donor) and F- (recipient) cells, step-by-step DNA transfer mechanism, Hfr strains, genetic mapping using interrupted mating, and advantages over other gene transfer methods (requires direct contact, phage-resistant).